WHOLE BLOOD, SERUM AND PLASMA CHEMISTRY:A-E
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TYPICAL REFERENCE INTERVALS |
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COMPONENT |
SYSTEM |
CONVENTIONAL UNITS |
FACTOR |
RECOMMENDED SI UNITS |
|
Acetoacetic Acid Qualitative Quantitative |
Serum Serum |
Negative 0.2-1.0 mg/dL |
--- 97.95 |
Negative 20-100 mmol/L |
|
Acetone Qualitative Quantitative |
Serum Serum |
Negative 0.3-2.0 mg/dL |
--- 172.95 |
Negative 20-340 mmol/L |
|
Albumin Qualitative |
Serum |
3.2-4.5 g/dL(salt fractionation) 3.2-5.6 g/dL(electrophoresis) 3.8-5.0 g/dL (dye binding) |
10 |
32-45 g/L 32-56 g/L 38-50 g/L |
|
Alcohol, ethyl |
Serum or Whole Blood |
Negative--but presented as mg/dL |
0.2171 |
Negative --but present as mmol/L |
|
Aldolase |
Serum adults children newborn |
3-8 Sibley-Lehninger U/dL at 37 oCApproximately 2 times adult levels Approximately 4 times adult levels |
7.4 |
22-59 mU/L at 37 oCApproximately 2 times adult levels Approximately 4 times adult levels |
|
a -Amino acid nitrogen |
Serum |
3.6-7.0 U/dL |
0.7139 |
2.6-5.0 mmol/L |
|
d- Aminolevulinic acid |
Serum |
0.01-0.03mg/dL |
76.26 |
0.8-2.3 mmol/L |
|
Ammonia |
Plasma |
20-120 mg/dL(diffusion)40-80 mg/dL(enzymatic method)12-48 mg/dL(resin method) |
0.5872 |
12-70 m mol/L 23-47 mmol/L7-28 mmol/L |
|
Amylase |
Serum |
16-120 Somogyi units/dL |
1.85 |
30-220 U/L |
|
Argininosuccinate lyase |
Serum |
0-4 U/dL |
10 |
0-40 U/L |
|
Arsenic++ |
Whole blood |
<7 mg/dL |
0.05055 |
<0.4 mmol/L |
|
Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) |
Plasma Whole blood |
0.6-1.6 mg/dL 0.7-2.0 mg/dL |
56.78 |
34-91 mmol/L40-114 mmol/L |
|
Barbiturates |
Serum, Plasma or Whole blood |
Negative |
--- |
Negative |
|
Base excess |
Whole blood Male Female |
-3.3 to +1.2 mEq/L -2.4 to +2.3 mEq/L |
1 |
-3.3 to +1.2 mmol/L -2.4 to +2.3 mmol/L |
|
Base, total |
Serum |
145-160 mEq/L |
1 |
145-160 mmol/L |
|
Bicarbonate |
Plasma |
21-28 mmol/L |
1 |
21-28 mmol/L |
|
Bile acids |
Serum |
0.3-3.0 mg/dL |
10 |
3.0-30.0 mg/L |
|
Bilirubin Direct (conjugated) Indirect (unconjugated) Total Newborns Total |
Serum |
<0.3 mg/dL 0.1-1.0 mg/dL 0.1-1.2 mg/dL 1.0-12.0 mg/dL |
17.10 |
<5 mmol/L2-17 mmol/L2-21 mmol/L17-205 mmol/L |
|
Blood Gases PH
Pco 2Po 2 |
Whole Blood Whole Blood Whole Blood |
7.38-7.44 (arterial) 7.36-7.41(venous) 35-40mm Hg (arterial) 40-45mm Hg (venous) 95-100mm Hg(arterial) |
1 0.1333 0.1333 |
7.38-7.44 7.36-7.41 4.7-5.3 kPa 5.3-6.0 kPa 12.7-13.3 kPa |
|
Bromide |
Serum |
<5 mg/dL |
0.125 |
<0.63 mmol/L |
|
Calcium Ionized
Total |
Serum
Serum |
4.0-4.8 mg/dL 2.0-2.4 mEq/L 30-58% of total 9.2-11.0 mg/dL 4.6-5.5 mEq/L |
0.2500 0.5000 0.01 0.2500 0.5000 |
1.00-1.20 mmol/L 0.30-1.58 of total 2.30-2.74 mmol/L |
|
Carbon Dioxide(CO 2 content) |
Whole Blood (arterial) Plasma or Serum (arterial) |
19-24 mmol/L 21-28 mmol/L |
1 |
19-24 mmol/L 21-28 mmol/L |
|
Carbon Dioxide |
Whole blood (venous) Plasma or Serum(venous) |
22-26 mmol/L 24-30 mmol/L |
1 |
22-26 mmol/L 24-30 mmol/L |
|
CO 2 combining power |
Plasma or Serum(venous) |
24-30 mmol/L |
1 |
24-30 mmol/L |
|
CO 2 partial pressure (Pco2) |
Whole Blood (arterial) Whole Blood (venous) |
35-40 mm Hg 40-45 mm Hg |
0.1333 |
4.7-5.3 kPa 5.3-6.0 kPa |
|
Carbonic acid (H 2CO3) |
Whole Blood (arterial) Whole Blood (venous) Plasma (venous) |
1.05-1.45 mmol/L 1.15-1.50 mmol/L 1.02-1.38 mmol/L |
1 |
1.05-1.45 mmol/L 1.15-1.50 mmol/L 1.02-1.38bmmol/L |
|
Carboxyhemoglobin (carbon monoxide hemoglobin) |
Whole blood suburban nonsmokers smokers heavy smokers |
<1.5% saturation of hemoglobin 1.5-5.0% saturation 5.0-9.0% saturation |
0.01 |
Fraction hemoglobin saturated: <0.015 0.015-0.050 0.050-0.090 |
|
Carotene beta |
Serum |
40-200 Fg/dL |
0.01863 |
0.73.7 mmol/L |
|
Ceruloplasmin |
Serum |
23-50 mg/dL |
10 |
230-500 mg/L |
|
Chloride |
Serum |
95-103 mEq/L |
1 |
95-103mmol/L |
|
Cholesteral Total Esters |
Serum Serum |
150-250 mg/dL (varies with diet, sex, and age) 65-75% of total cholesterol |
0.02586 0.01 |
3.88-6.47 mmol/L Fraction of total cholesterol: 0.65-0.75 |
|
Cholinesterase (pseudocholinesterase) |
Erythrocytes Plasma |
0.65-1.3 pH units 0.5-1.3 pH units 8-18 U/L at 37 EC |
1 1 |
0.65-1.3 pH units Š0.5-1.3 pH units 8-18 U/L at 37 EC |
|
Citrate |
Serum or Plasma |
1.7-3.0 mg/dL |
52.05 |
88-156 mmol/L |
|
Copper |
Serum or Plasma Male Female |
70-140 Fg/dL80-155 Fg/dL |
0.1574 |
11-22 mmol/L13-24 mmol/L |
|
Cortisol |
Plasma 8am-10am 4pm-6pm |
5-23 Fg/dL3-13 Fg/dL |
27.59 |
138-635 nmol/L 83-359 nmol/L |
|
Creatine |
Serum or Plasma Male Female |
0.1-0.4 mg/dL 0.2-0.7 mg/dL |
76.25 |
8-31 mmol/L15-53 mmol/L |
|
Creatine kinase(CK) |
Serum Male Female |
55-170 U/L at 37 EC30-135 U/L at 37 EC |
1 1 |
55-170 U/L at 37 EC30-135 U/L at 37 EC |
|
Creatinine |
Serum or Plasma |
0.6-1.2 mg/dL (adult) 0.3-0.6 mg/dL (children <2y) |
88.40 |
53-106 mmol/L27-53 mmol/L |
|
Creatinine clearence (endogenous) |
Serum or Plasma and Urine Male Female |
107-139 mL/min 87-107 mL/min |
0.01667 |
1.78-2.32 mL/s 1.45-1.78 mL/s |
|
Cryoglobulins |
Serum |
Negative |
--- |
Negative |
|
Electrophoresis, protein Albumin Alpha-1 Alpha-2 Beta Gamma Albumin Alpha-1 Alpha-2 Beta Gamma |
Serum
Serum
|
52-65% of total protien 2.5-5.0% of total protien 7.0-13.0% of total protien 8.0-14.0% of total protien 12.0-22.0% of total protien Concentration 3.2-5.6 g/dL 0.1-0.4 g/dL 0.4-1.2 g/dL 0.5-1.1 g/dL 0.5-1.6 g/dL |
0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 10 |
Fraction of total protien: 0.52-0.65 0.025-0.05 0.07-0.13 0.08-0.14 0.12-0.22 32-56 gL 1-4 gL 4-12 gL 5-11 gL 5-16 gL |