Ching-Hua Wang

Biology Department, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA

Received 6/2/97; Accepted 6/23/97

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Abstract

2. Introduction

3. Biology of newborn larvae

3.1. Newborn larvae production in vivo

3.2. Newborn larvae migration

3.3. Newborn larvae surface antigens

3.4. Characteristics of newborn larvae of different ages

3.5. Summary

4. Host immunity to newborn larvae

4.1. The existence of host immunity in vivo

4.2. Stage specificity of host immunity against newborn larvae

4.3. Kinetics of the immune response to newborn larvae

4.4. Summary

5. Mechanisms of host immune response to newborn larvae

5.1. Nonspecific resistance to newborn larvae

5.2. Cell-mediated immune response to newborn larvae

5.3. Humoral immunity to newborn larvae

5.4. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated immune response to newborn larvae

5.5. Summary

6. Perspective

7. Acknowledgment

8. References

9. Entire manuscript

Keywords: immunology, parasitology, immune response, infection, Trichinella spiralis, newborn larvae, intestine, peritoneal cavity, thoracic duct lymph, portal vein, humoral immunity, cell-mediated immunity, lymphocytes, granular cells, eosinophils, macrophages, neutrophils, antibody, cell adherence, complement, mucosal region, cannulation, electron microscopy, rat, mouse, pig, humans.